Article

Why there is no technological solution to interpretive drift

Technical controls can improve form and reduce visible errors. They cannot, by themselves, make a response defensible when authority, hierarchy, and abstention remain implicit.

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CollectionArticle
TypeArticle
Categoryrisque interpretatif
Published2026-01-27
Updated2026-03-15
Reading time3 min

This article clarifies a strategic confusion. In the current discourse around AI, many answers to interpretive drifts present themselves as **technological solutions**: model adjustments, fine-tuning, algorithm revisions, filtering systems, evaluation metrics, automated tests, sophisticated prompts, etc. Yet these approaches **are not sufficient to make an answer defensible** in real contexts where the stakes are economic, legal, or social.

Technical solutions improve form, not legitimacy

A technical solution can:

  • reduce the frequency of visible errors
  • improve the fluency of an answer
  • optimize internal scores
  • apply superficial guardrails

These improvements are useful. They **do not address** the central question: **when an answer must be defended before a decision-maker, a client, a regulator, a court, or even an internal team**. What these stakeholders seek is not merely good form or better probability. It is a **reconstructible justification chain**.

What technical solutions cannot guarantee

A technological solution cannot, by itself:

  • define a clear authorization scope
  • rank sources based on explicit authority
  • handle contradictions between sources with a governed rule
  • ensure a legitimate non-answer when justification conditions are insufficient
  • humanly assume responsibility for an actionable output

These elements are not **techniques**: they are **structural governance constraints**.

The fundamental difference

Technical solutions act on the *perceived quality* of an answer. Interpretive governance acts on the **defensible legitimacy** of an answer. Perceived quality can mask a justification void; defensible legitimacy explicitly organizes that void so it does not generate liability.

Why the issue is structural

Interpretive drifts do not arise solely from imperfect algorithms, but from **authority conflicts**:

  • multiple and heterogeneous sources
  • unflagged indeterminacy
  • zones without explicit information
  • authority expectations that exceed the declared scope

These are **meaning configurations**, not technical bugs correctable through tuning.

Where technology helps — and where it stops

Technology can:

  • facilitate traceability (logs, metadata)
  • support source display
  • help detect contradictions

It **cannot**:

  • state a relevant source hierarchy without a human framework
  • assume a legitimate non-answer in place of a decision-maker
  • create governed scope boundaries
  • legally justify an answer without explicit rules

In other words: technology can *tool* governance, but **it cannot replace it**.

What this means for organizations

The search for an ultimate technological solution is a dead end **because it confuses perceptual improvement with defensible legitimacy**. An organization that genuinely wants to reduce its exposure should not seek a *better model*, but an **interpretive governance architecture**. This architecture must include:

  • explicit scope declarations
  • source hierarchy
  • contradiction handling rules
  • management of zones without information
  • legitimate non-answer mechanisms
  • assumed human responsibility chain

Anchor

Interpretive drifts are not bugs to be fixed through better technology. They are the product of a lack of **structured governance**. As long as one seeks purely technical solutions, one will be treating **symptoms**. Interpretive governance addresses the **structural cause**.